Santa Maria Novella, Florence, c. 1461-70
The Spedale degli Innocenti, fr. 1419
The structure of architecture in the history
Santa Maria Novella, commissioned by Giovanni Rucellai, the façade of this church, with its white- and-green marble structure, is the only Florentine church façade on a grand scale built during the Renaissance. The introduction of volutes flanking the second story temple solves the problem of masking the sloping roofs of the side aisles – previously met in Italy by adding massive screens. It is a highly original Renaissance solution superimposed on a Gothic structure.
Parthenon Temple of Golden Ratio
There is a relationship between geometry and beautiful architecture, so architects usually combine geometry and art to create attractive functional structures. A typical example of this is to use the principle of Golden Ratio to achieve harmonious proportion. Over the years, many famous artists and architects have applied the Golden Ratio to their works. For example, the Parthenon Temple has been influenced by geometric principles.
Huizhou Architecture
The structure is much into courtyard type, facing south commonly and surrounded by the river and mountain. The layout is divided symmetrically by the central axis. The central hall locates in the middle, and the rooms are on two sides. The front of the central chamber is called “patio,” which functions for lighting and ventilation. The appearance of residential integrity is solid with closed tall bounding walls, horse head warping, black tiles, and white walls. In adornment respect, mostly use brick, wood, stone carvings craft.
Reason
Huizhou architecture was deeply influenced by the unique historical and geographical environment of Huizhou and humanistic values of people.
Characteristics
The hui-style architecture also widely used brick, wood, stone carving, showing a high level of decorative art. They also has special Horse-head wall with White Walls and Black Tiles. It referred to the wall which was between and higher than the two gable roof walls.
Fujian Tulou
Structure
The layout of Fujian tulou followed the Chinese dwelling trdition of “closed outside, open inside” concept: an enclosure wall with living quarters around the peripheral and a common courtyard at the center.
Reason
With the development of the economy and the improvement of the understanding of the ecological environ- ment, the residents’ requirements for housing are more urgent and higher. On the other hand, due to the growth of the population, in order to safeguard the common interests of the family, iTo adapt to the prosperity of the family and the safety of living. So they built the palace type earth wall building and the square, round and other colorful earth buildings. It is characterized by large scale and diverse types.
Characteristics
The building materials include earth, sand, bamboo and wood, even brown sugar and protein. The local materials are used to build earth buildings with an outer wall thickness of 1 to 2 meters. They are strong enough to resist the attacks of wild animals or thieves, and also have the func- tions of fire prevention and earthquake resistance, warm in winter and cool in summer.
Architecture is a relatively abstract concept. In the art of architectural space, the sense of space can be expressed in various geometric forms. I combine and stack concrete images and abstractions to create a familiar strangeness in the picture. The difficulty of this project is to grasp the balance of the picture and learn to observe the contrast relationship between the overall weight and the relationship between the fans of the position.
